Hourly grid optimization · 25-year horizon

The cheapest way to decarbonize the US electricity grid

An hourly optimizer picks the lowest-cost mix of solar, wind, nuclear, gas, coal, and storage to meet demand every hour, for 25 years, under whatever policy scenario you throw at it.

It prices two harms the market ignores — carbon and mortality. Per unit of energy, coal is more than 1,000× deadlier than solar; see the risk ladder.